Diabetes, Nutrition, Obesity and Eating Disorders

Omentin-1 is an anti inflammatory adipokine expressed and secreted from

visceral adipose tissue, which plays roles in glucose homeostasis, lipid metabolism, insulin resistance and diabetes. The aim of our study was to evaluate serum omentin-1 levels in type 2 diabetic women and its relation with metabolic syndrome (MS) related risk parameters. Thirty-six newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic women, fifty-eight type 2 diabetic women not fulfilling the criteria of MS, fifty type 2 diabetic women with MS, and forty healthy control women were enrolled in this study. The levels of fasting and 2-hour postprandial blood glucose, lipid profile, fasting serum levels of insulin, omentin-1 and HbA1c were measured. HOMA-IR was calculated. We found significant decrease in serum omentin-1 levels in type 2 diabetes patients with mean ±â€¯SD (27.2± 7.1 ng/L) compared to controls (48.8± 14.5  ng/L) (P < 0.001) and in diabetic patients with MS compared to newly diagnosed diabetics and diabetic patients without MS (P=0.001and 0.006 respectively). We also found significant negative correlations between serum omentin-1 and (waist circumference, BMI, cholesterol, triglycerides, fasting insulin, HOMA-IR), r = (-0.57, -0.36, -0.52, -0.38, -0.42, -0.32) respectively (P < 0.001). The best cut off point of serum omentin-1 was 36.1  ng/L to differentiate cases from controls using ROC curve analysis with 88.9% sensitivity and 100% specificity, and was 27.05 ng/L to differentiate cases with MS from those without MS, with 79.2% sensitivity and 70.2% specificity. Our study suggests that decreased omentin-1 can contribute to development of insulin resistance and its associated metabolic risk factors in type 2 diabetic women.